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The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.

The UN has four main purposes: to keep peace throughout the world, to develop friendly relations among nations, to help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other's rights and freedoms. The UN has six main organs, including the General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Court of Justice, the Secretariat, the Economic and Social Council, and the Trusteeship Council.

The UN General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the UN. It comprises all 193 Member States of the UN and provides a forum for multilateral discussions of international issues. The General Assembly considers and approves the UN budget and establishes the financial assessments of Member States.

The UN Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has 15 Members, and each Member has one vote. Under the UN Charter, all Member States are obligated to comply with Council decisions.

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) settles legal disputes between states and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council.

The UN Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General, who provides overall leadership and coordination to the UN system. The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day work of the Organization, such as providing studies, information, and facilities needed by UN bodies for their meetings.

The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is the central platform for fostering debate and innovative thinking, forging consensus on ways forward, and coordinating efforts to achieve internationally agreed goals.

The Trusteeship Council was established in 1945 by the UN Charter to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories. Over time, the Trusteeship Council suspended operations as each trust territory attained independence.

In conclusion, the United Nations plays a significant role in ensuring international peace and security, promoting social progress and human rights, and working together to improve the lives of people around the world. With its six main organs, the UN works to fulfill its mission and goals to maintain peace, cooperation, and prosperity among nations.

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